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Almanac celebration on 1 April

April Fools' Twenty-four hour period
Aprilsnar 2001.png

An April Fools' Day prank mark the structure of the Copenhagen Metro in 2001
Also called April Fool'south Day
Type Cultural, Western
Significance Practical jokes, pranks
Observances Comedy
Engagement 1 April
Adjacent time 1 April 2022 (2022-04-01)
Frequency Almanac

April Fools' Day or April Fool's 24-hour interval is an annual custom on 1 Apr consisting of practical jokes and hoaxes. Jokesters oftentimes betrayal their deportment by shouting "Apr Fools!" at the recipient. Mass media tin exist involved in these pranks, which may be revealed as such the post-obit day. The day is not a public holiday in whatsoever country except Odessa, Ukraine, where the first of April is an official urban center vacation.[ane] The custom of setting aside a day for playing harmless pranks upon i'due south neighbour has been relatively mutual in the world historically.[2]

Origins [edit]

An 1857 ticket to "Washing the Lions" at the Tower of London in London. No such event e'er took place.

A disputed association between 1 Apr and foolishness is in Geoffrey Chaucer'south The Canterbury Tales (1392).[three] In the "Nun's Priest's Tale", a vain erect Chauntecleer is tricked by a fox on "Since March began xxx days and two",[4] i.e. 32 days since March began, which is ane April.[five] However, it is non articulate that Chaucer was referencing i April since the text of the "Nun's Priest's Tale" also states that the story takes place on the day when the sun is "in the sign of Taurus had y-rune Twenty degrees and ane", which would not be one April. Modern scholars believe that there is a copying mistake in the extant manuscripts and that Chaucer actually wrote, "Syn March was gon".[6] If so, the passage would accept originally meant 32 days after March, i.eastward. 2 May,[7] the anniversary of the engagement of King Richard 2 of England to Anne of Bohemia, which took place in 1381.

In 1508, French poet Eloy d'Amerval referred to a poisson d'avril (Apr fool, literally "Apr's fish"), perchance the first reference to the celebration in French republic.[viii] Some writers advise that Apr Fools' originated because, in the Middle Ages, New year's day's Day was celebrated on 25 March in most European towns,[9] with a vacation that in some areas of France, specifically, concluded on 1 April,[10] [11] and those who historic New year's day's Eve on 1 January made fun of those who celebrated on other dates by the invention of April Fools' Day.[12] The use of i January as New year's day became mutual in French republic only in the mid-16th century,[seven] and that date was not adopted officially until 1564, past the Edict of Roussillon, when France switched from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar, as called for during the Council of Trent in 1563.[xiii] However, there are issues with this theory because in that location is an unambiguous reference to April Fools' Day in a 1561 poem past Flemish poet Eduard de Dene of a nobleman who sends his servants on foolish errands on 1 April, predating the change.[seven] April Fools' Day was also an established tradition in Britain before one January was established as the start of the agenda year.[14] [fifteen]

In kingdom of the netherlands, the origin of April Fools' Twenty-four hour period is often attributed to the Dutch victory in 1572 at Brielle, where the Spanish Duke Álvarez de Toledo was defeated. "Op 1 april verloor Alva zijn bril" is a Dutch proverb, which tin can be translated as: "On the start of April, Alva lost his glasses". In this example, "bril" ("glasses" in Dutch) serves as a homonym for Brielle. This theory, however, provides no explanation for the international celebration of April Fools' Day.

In 1686, John Aubrey referred to the commemoration as "Fooles holy day", the showtime British reference.[7] On 1 April 1698, several people were tricked into going to the Tower of London to "see the Lions done".[7]

Although no biblical scholar or historian is known to have mentioned a relationship, some have expressed the belief that the origins of April Fools' Day may go back to the Genesis alluvion narrative. In a 1908 edition of the Harper's Weekly cartoonist Bertha R. McDonald wrote:

Authorities gravely dorsum with information technology to the time of Noah and the ark. The London Public Advertiser of March xiii, 1769, printed: "The fault of Noah sending the pigeon out of the ark before the h2o had abated, on the first twenty-four hours of April, and to perpetuate the memory of this deliverance it was idea proper, whoever forgot so remarkable a circumstance, to punish them past sending them upon some sleeveless errand similar to that ineffectual message upon which the bird was sent by the patriarch".[2]

Long-standing customs [edit]

U.k. [edit]

On Apr Fools' Day 1980, the BBC announced Big Ben's clock face was going digital and whoever got in bear on first could win the clock hands.[5]

In the UK, an April Fool prank is sometimes subsequently revealed by shouting "April fool!" at the recipient, who becomes the "April fool". A study in the 1950s, by folklorists Iona and Peter Opie, found that in the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, and in countries whose traditions derived from the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, the joking ceased at midday.[16] This continues to exist the practice, with the custom ceasing at noon, later which time it is no longer acceptable to play pranks.[17] Thus a person playing a prank after midday is considered the "April fool" themselves.[xviii]

In Scotland, April Fools' Twenty-four hours was originally called "Huntigowk Twenty-four hour period".[16] The name is a abuse of "hunt the gowk", gowk being Scots for a cuckoo or a foolish person; alternative terms in Gaelic would be Là na Gocaireachd, "gowking day", or Là Ruith na Cuthaige, "the day of running the cuckoo". The traditional prank is to ask someone to deliver a sealed message that supposedly requests help of some sort. In fact, the bulletin reads "Dinna express joy, dinna grin. Hunt the gowk another mile." The recipient, upon reading it, volition explain they tin only assistance if they first contact another person, and they transport the victim to this next person with an identical message, with the same result.[16]

In England a "fool" is known past a few different names around the land, including "noodle", "gob", "gobby", or "noddy".

Ireland [edit]

In Ireland, information technology was traditional to entrust the victim with an "of import letter" to be given to a named person. That person would read the letter, and so inquire the victim to take it to someone else, and so on. The letter when opened contained the words "ship the fool further".[nineteen]

Prima aprilis in Poland [edit]

In Poland, prima aprilis ("First April" in Latin) equally a day of pranks is a centuries-long tradition. Information technology is a twenty-four hours when many pranks are played: hoaxes – sometimes very sophisticated – are prepared past people, media (which oftentimes cooperate to make the "information" more credible) and fifty-fifty public institutions. Serious activities are normally avoided, and generally every word said on 1 Apr could be untrue. The conviction for this is then stiff that the Polish anti-Turkish alliance with Leopold I signed on 1 April 1683, was backdated to 31 March.[twenty] However, for some in Poland prima aprilis ends at noon of ane April and prima aprilis jokes after that hour are considered inappropriate and not swish.

Nordic countries [edit]

Danes, Finns, Icelanders, Norwegians and Swedes celebrate April Fools' Day (aprilsnar in Danish; aprillipäivä in Finnish; aprilskämt in Swedish). Most news media outlets volition publish exactly one false story on ane April; for newspapers this will typically exist a first-page commodity but not the meridian headline.[21]

Italy, France, Belgium, French-speaking areas [edit]

In Italia, France, Belgium and French-speaking areas of Switzerland and Canada, the 1 Apr tradition is often known as "April fish" (poisson d'avril in French, april vis in Dutch or pesce d'aprile in Italian). Possible pranks include attempting to attach a paper fish to the victim'south back without beingness noticed. This fish feature is prominently nowadays on many late 19th- to early 20th-century French Apr Fools' Day postcards. Many newspapers also spread a imitation story on April Fish Day, and a subtle reference to a fish is sometimes given as a inkling to the fact that it is an Apr Fools' prank.[ citation needed ]

Frg [edit]

In Germany, an April Fool prank is sometimes later revealed past shouting "April fool!" at the recipient, who becomes the "April fool".

Ukraine [edit]

Apr Fools' 24-hour interval is widely historic in Odessa and has the special local name Humorina - in Ukrainian Гуморина (Humorina). This holiday arose in 1973.[22] An April Fool prank is revealed past proverb "Первое Апреля, никому не верю" ("Pervoye Aprelya, nikomu ne veryu") - which ways "April the Outset, I trust nobody" - to the recipient. The festival includes a large parade in the city heart, gratuitous concerts, street fairs and performances. Festival participants wearing apparel up in a variety of costumes and walk effectually the city fooling around and pranking passersby. 1 of the traditions on April Fools' Day is to clothes upwards the main city monument in funny dress. Humorina even has its own logo — a cheerful sailor in a lifebelt — whose author was the artist Arkady Tsykun.[23] During the festival, special souvenirs begetting the logo are printed and sold everywhere. Since 2010, April Fools' Day celebrations include an International Clown Festival and both celebrated as one. In 2019, the festival was dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Odessa Picture Studio and all events were held with an emphasis on movie house.[24]

Lebanese republic [edit]

In Lebanese republic, an Apr Fool prank is revealed past maxim كذبة أول نيسان (which ways "First of April Lie") to the recipient.

Spanish-speaking countries [edit]

In many Spanish-speaking countries (and the Philippines), "Día de los Santos Inocentes" (Holy Innocents Solar day) is a festivity which is very like to April Fools' Day, merely it is historic in late December (27, 28 or 29 depending on the location).[ citation needed ]

Israel [edit]

State of israel has adopted the custom of pranking on Apr Fools' Day.[25]

Iran [edit]

In Iran information technology chosen "Drugh eastward 13om Farvardin" (lie of Farvardin 13th) and people and media prank on Farvardin 13th (Sizdah bedar) that is equivalent of April 1st. It's a tradition 13 days after Persian new year (Nowruz) and 13 is an unlucky number in tradition so people go out and leave their houses and have fun outside.

Pranks [edit]

An April Fools' 24-hour interval prank in Boston'southward Public Garden warning people not to photograph sculptures, as light emitted will "erode the sculptures"

As well as people playing pranks on one another on April Fools' Mean solar day, elaborate pranks take appeared on radio and goggle box stations, newspapers, and websites, and have been performed past large corporations. In one famous prank in 1957, the BBC broadcast a film in their Panorama current diplomacy series purporting to testify Swiss farmers picking freshly-grown spaghetti, in what they called the Swiss spaghetti harvest. The BBC was soon flooded with requests to purchase a spaghetti plant, forcing them to declare the film a hoax on the news the next day.[26]

With the appearance of the Internet and readily available global news services, April Fools' pranks can grab and embarrass a wider audition than ever before.[27]

Comparable prank days [edit]

28 December [edit]

28 December, the equivalent day in Kingdom of spain and Hispanic America, is likewise the Christian twenty-four hour period of celebration of the Day of the Holy Innocents. The Christian commemoration is a religious holiday in its own right, but the tradition of pranks is not, though the latter is observed yearly. In some regions of Hispanic America after a prank is played, the cry is made, "Inocente palomita que te dejaste engañar" ("You innocent little dove that permit yourself exist fooled!"; not to be confused with another meaning of palomita, which means "popcorn" in some dialects).

In Argentina, the prankster says, "¡Que la inocencia te valga!" which roughly translates as advice to not be every bit gullible as the victim of the prank. In Spain, information technology is mutual to say merely "¡Inocente!" (which in Spanish tin can mean "innocent" or "gullible").[28]

In Colombia, the term is used as "Pásala por Inocentes", which roughly means: "Let it go; today information technology's Innocent's Twenty-four hour period."

In Belgium, this twenty-four hour period is also known every bit the "24-hour interval of the Innocent Children" or "Solar day of the Stupid Children". It used to exist a twenty-four hour period where parents, grandparents, and teachers would fool the children in some way. But the celebration of this 24-hour interval has died out in favour of April Fools' Day.

Nevertheless, on the Spanish isle of Menorca, Dia d'enganyar ("Fooling day") is celebrated on i April because Menorca was a British possession during part of the 18th century. In Brazil, the "Dia da mentira" ("Day of the lie") is also celebrated on i April[28] due to the Portuguese influence.

Offset day of a new month [edit]

In many English-speaking countries, mainly Britain, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and Due south Africa, information technology is a custom to say "pinch and a punch for the kickoff of the month" or an alternative, typically by children. The victim might respond with "a flick and a kick for existence so quick", and the attacker might respond with "a punch in the eye for beingness so sly".[29]

Another custom in Britain and Northward America is to say "rabbit rabbit" upon waking on the first day of a calendar month, for adept luck.[30]

Reception [edit]

The exercise of Apr Fool pranks and hoaxes is controversial.[18] [31] The mixed opinions of critics are epitomized in the reception to the 1957 BBC "spaghetti-tree hoax", in reference to which, newspapers were split over whether information technology was "a great joke or a terrible hoax on the public".[32]

The positive view is that April Fools' can exist good for one's health considering it encourages "jokes, hoaxes ... pranks, [and] belly laughs", and brings all the benefits of laughter including stress relief and reducing strain on the middle.[33] There are many "all-time of" Apr Fools' Day lists that are compiled in guild to showcase the all-time examples of how the day is historic.[34] Diverse April Fools' campaigns accept been praised for their innovation, creativity, writing, and general try.[35]

The negative view describes April Fools' hoaxes as "creepy and manipulative", "rude" and "a little bit nasty", every bit well as based on Schadenfreude and deceit.[31] When genuine news or a genuine important order or warning is issued on April Fools' Day, there is hazard that it will exist misinterpreted equally a joke and ignored – for example, when Google, known to play elaborate April Fools' Twenty-four hours hoaxes, announced the launch of Gmail with 1-gigabyte inboxes in 2004, an era when competing webmail services offered 4-megabytes or less, many dismissed it as a joke outright.[36] [37] On the other manus, sometimes stories intended as jokes are taken seriously. Either fashion, there can be adverse furnishings, such as confusion,[38] misinformation, waste matter of resource (specially when the hoax concerns people in danger) and even legal or commercial consequences.[39] [40]

In Thailand, the police warned alee of the April Fools' in 2021 that posting or sharing fake news online could lead to maximum of five years imprisonment.[41]

Other examples of 18-carat news on 1 April mistaken as a hoax include:

  • 1 April 1946: Warnings about the Aleutian Island earthquake'due south seismic sea wave that killed 165 people in Hawaii and Alaska.
  • 1 Apr 2004: Gmail is announced to the public past Google.[42]
  • 1 April 2005: News that the comedian Mitch Hedberg had died on 29 March 2005.
  • i Apr 2005: Announcement about Powerpuff Girls Z, by Aniplex, Cartoon Network and Toei Blitheness.[43]
  • 1 April 2009: Announcement that the long running soap opera Guiding Light was being cancelled.
  • 1 April 2011: Isaiah Thomas alleged for the NBA draft.[44]

In popular culture [edit]

Books, films, telemovies and telly episodes have used Apr Fools' Twenty-four hour period as their title or inspiration. Examples include Bryce Courtenay's novel April Fool's Solar day (1993), whose title refers to the day Courtenay'due south son died. The 1990s sitcom Roseanne featured an episode titled "April Fools' Mean solar day". This turned out to be intentionally misleading, as the episode was about Tax Mean solar day in the U.s.a. on 15 April – the last mean solar day to submit the previous twelvemonth'south tax information. Although Tax Twenty-four hours is usually 15 April every bit depicted in the episode, it tin can exist moved dorsum a few days if that twenty-four hour period is on a weekend or a vacation in Washington, D.C. or some states, or due to natural disasters when information technology can occur as late as 15 July.

Meet too [edit]

  • Banquet of Fools, a similar medieval festival
  • List of April Fools' Day jokes
  • List of practical joke topics
  • Veneralia

References [edit]

  1. ^ "ane апреля будет в Одессе выходным днем" [one April becomes a vacation in Odessa]. ФАКТЫ (in Russian). 23 March 2003.
  2. ^ a b McDonald, Bertha R. (seven March 1908). "The Oldest Custom in the World". Harper'southward Weekly. Vol. 52, no. 2672. p. 26.
  3. ^ Ashley Ross (31 March 2016). "No Kidding: Nosotros Have No Thought How Apr Fools' Day Started". Time . Retrieved 24 March 2018.
  4. ^ The Canterbury Tales, "The Nun's Priest's Tale" - "Chaucer in the Xx-Beginning Century", University of Maine at Machias, 21 September 2007
  5. ^ a b "Apr Fool'southward Day 2021: how Chaucer, calendar confusion and Hilaria led to jokes and fake news". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  6. ^ Travis, Peter W. (1997). "Chaucer's Chronographiae, the Confounded Reader, and Fourteenth-Century Measurements of Time". In Poster, Ballad; Utz, Richard J. (eds.). Constructions of Time in the Belatedly Middle Ages. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Printing. pp. 16–17. ISBN0-8101-1541-vii.
  7. ^ a b c d e Boese, Alex (2008). "The Origin of April Fool's Day". Museum of Hoaxes.
  8. ^ Eloy d'Amerval, Le Livre de la Deablerie, Librairie Droz, p. 70. (1991). "De maint homme et de mainte fame, poisson d'Apvril vien tost a moy."
  9. ^ Groves, Marsha, Manners and Community in the Heart Ages, p. 27 (2005).
  10. ^ "April Fools' Day". Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  11. ^ Santino, Jack (1972). All around the year: holidays and celebrations in American life. University of Illinois Printing. p. 97. ISBN978-0-252-06516-3.
  12. ^ Winick, Stephen (28 March 2016). "Apr Fools: The Roots of an International Tradition | Folklife Today". blogs.loc.gov . Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  13. ^ "April Fools' 24-hour interval". History.com. 30 March 2017.
  14. ^ "A brief, totally sincere history of April Fools' 24-hour interval". Washington Mail service. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  15. ^ "The Origin of Apr Fool'due south Solar day". Museum of Hoaxes . Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  16. ^ a b c Opie, Iona & Peter (1960). The Lore and Linguistic communication of Schoolchildren. Oxford University Press. pp. 245–46. ISBN0-940322-69-2.
  17. ^ Office, Corking Uk: Abode (2017). Life in the United Kingdom: a guide for new residents (2014 ed.). Jotter Office. ISBN9780113413409.
  18. ^ a b Archie Bland (1 April 2009). "The Big Question: How did the April Fool's Day tradition begin, and what are the best tricks?". The Independent . Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  19. ^ Haggerty, Bridget. "April Fool'due south Day". Irish Culture and Customs . Retrieved iii Apr 2014.
  20. ^ "Origin of April Fools' Solar day". The Limited Tribune. three April 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  21. ^ "April Fool's 24-hour interval: viii Interesting Things And Hoaxes You Didn't Know". International Business organization Times . Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  22. ^ Sinelnikova, Alexandra (1 Apr 2019). "Humorina time". Odessitclub.
  23. ^ "Main festival in Odessa". 2019.
  24. ^ "Odessa celebrates Humorine. Picture story". ane Apr 2019.
  25. ^ Adam, Soclof (31 March 2011). "From the JTA Archive: Apr Fools' 24-hour interval lessons for Jewish pranksters". Jewish Telegraph Agency. JTA. Retrieved 3 Apr 2019.
  26. ^ "Swiss Spaghetti Harvest". Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  27. ^ Moran, Rob (4 April 2014). "NPR's Vivid Apr Fools' Twenty-four hour period Prank Was Sadly Lost On Much Of The Internet". Retrieved 6 April 2014.
  28. ^ a b "Avui és el Dia d'Enganyar a Menorca" [Today is Fooling Twenty-four hour period on Minorca] (in Catalan). Vilaweb. 1 April 2003. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
  29. ^ "compression and a punch for the first of the month - Wiktionary". en.wiktionary.org . Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  30. ^ Willingham, AJ (July 2019). "Rabbit rabbit! Why people say this skillful-luck phrase at the starting time of the calendar month". CNN . Retrieved 23 March 2021.
  31. ^ a b Doll, Jen (ane April 2013). "Is April Fools' Day the Worst Holiday? – Yahoo News". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 1 Apr 2014.
  32. ^ "Is this the all-time April Fool's ever?". BBC News . Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  33. ^ "Why Apr Fools' Day is Adept For Your Wellness – Health News and Views". News.Wellness.com. 1 April 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  34. ^ "Apr Fools: the best online pranks | SBS News". Sbs.com.au. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  35. ^ "Apr Fool's Twenty-four hour period: A Global Practise". aljazirahnews. i April 2019. Retrieved viii Apr 2019.
  36. ^ Harry McCracken (1 April 2013). "Google's Greatest Apr Fools' Hoax Ever (Hint: It Wasn't a Hoax)". Time. Archived from the original on i April 2013. Retrieved i August 2014.
  37. ^ Lisa Baertlein (1 April 2004). "Google: 'Gmail' no joke, simply lunar jobs are". Reuters. Retrieved i Baronial 2014.
  38. ^ Woods, Michael (two April 2013). "Brazeau tweets his resignation on April Fool'south Day, causing confusion – National". Globalnews.ca. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  39. ^ Hasham, Nicole (3 April 2013). "ASIC to look into prank Metgasco email from schoolgirl Kudra Falla-Ricketts". The Sydney Morn Herald . Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  40. ^ "Justin Bieber's Believe anthology hijacked past DJ Paz". The Sydney Morning Herald. three April 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  41. ^ "Phuket News: Police warn of prison house terms for April Fool's stories". The Phuket News. 1 April 2021. Retrieved one Apr 2021.
  42. ^ Horton, Alex. "When Gmail Was Showtime Announced, People Idea It Was an April Fools' Joke". ScienceAlert . Retrieved eight November 2020.
  43. ^ "Powerpuff Girls Z Debut".
  44. ^ Gould, Andrew. "Isaiah Thomas Laughs at Doubters on April Fools' Day". Bleacher Report . Retrieved viii Nov 2020.

Further reading [edit]

  • Wainwright, Martin (2007). The Guardian Book of April Fool'southward Day. Aurum. ISBN 1-84513-155-X
  • Dundes, Alan (1988). "April Fool and April Fish: Towards a Theory of Ritual Pranks". Etnofoor. 1 (1): iv–14. JSTOR 25757645.

External links [edit]

  • "Top 100 April Fools' 24-hour interval hoaxes of all fourth dimension". Museum of Hoaxes.
  • "April Fools' Solar day On The Spider web: List of all known April Fools' Day Jokes websites from 2004 until present".

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day

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